Last name Papanikolau (Papanikolau 
, Παπανικολάου , Папаниколау 
) , around the globe, is a rare cognomen. The last name Papanikolau is characteristic of Bulgaria, where it is quite a rare surname, Greece, where it is a rare surname, and Hungary, where it is a very rare surname. Not in comparison with a country's population, it most frequently occurs in Bulgaria, Greece, and Germany.
| VARIANT | COUNTRY |
|---|---|
| Papanikolau | Germany, Colombia, Bulgaria, United States, Greece |
| Παπανικολάου | Greece |
| Папаниколау | Kazakhstan, Russia |
| antōnios d. papanikolau (b. 1929) |
|
|
| lysandros p. papanikolau (b. 1948) |
|
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| dēmētrēs papanikolau GB |
|